Difficulty
Expert
Sudoku technique guide
Grouped Colouring
When the easy moves slow down, one clear pattern can make the next step feel possible again. Grouped Colouring helps you spot what the grid is already telling you.
By the end, you will know what to notice, how the idea works and when it is worth using.
At a glance
Technique family
Single-digit chains
Purpose
Removes candidates
Typical puzzle stage
Late
Frequency
Rare
Prerequisites
Simple Colouring and grouped nodes
Why this technique matters
Grouped Colouring extends Simple Colouring by allowing a small group of candidate cells in one unit to act as a node. It is best approached after ordinary colouring feels natural.
The idea in plain English
The same two-colour logic is applied to strong links that may use grouped candidates. A contradiction or a two-colour trap can remove the candidate from a target cell.
How to recognise it
Start with a single digit that has several tight candidate positions. The pattern is easier to see with clean pencil marks and a deliberate scan, not by guessing.
Pause when you see this shape. You do not have to force it; just check whether the pattern is complete.
How the logic unfolds
Think of this as a short conversation with the grid. Take one check at a time, and let each answer tell you what to inspect next.
Start by. Choose one digit and mark every relevant candidate position clearly.
Then. Identify the strong links first: a strong link means the digit has exactly two positions in one unit.
Next. Trace only the links required by the pattern and check that each connection is valid.
Finally. Apply the elimination only to cells that satisfy the pattern’s stated visibility rule.
When it usually appears
Use this after singles, locked candidates, subsets and simpler named patterns have stopped producing progress. Keep the chain short and verify it before acting.
Common traps
These are easy places to get turned around. They are useful checks, not signs that you are doing badly.
- Treating a link as strong when the digit has more than two positions in that unit. The forced conclusion then fails.
- Eliminating from a target that does not meet the visibility condition for both relevant endpoints.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need to memorise every chain shape?
No. Learn to verify the link logic first; named shapes become easier to recognise later.
Why are these techniques late-game tools?
They need a well-reduced candidate map. Earlier techniques usually produce a quicker, clearer move.
Quick takeaway
- A Grouped Colouring belongs to the single-digit chains family.
- Its purpose is to remove candidates.
- Look for a complete pattern, not one that only nearly fits.
- It is most useful late.
- Once you make the deduction, return to the simpler scans.